Precise control technology of the breeding chicken house environmental control system is crucial to ensuring the reproductive performance of breeding chickens, and its operational quality directly affects the fertilization and hatching rates of hatching eggs. The breeding chicken house environmental control system mainly consists of a ventilation system, a temperature control system, a humidity control system, and a lighting control system. These systems work together to create the most suitable breeding environment for the breeding chickens. The ventilation system, through the scientific configuration of fans and air inlets, maintains fresh air inside the house, promptly removing harmful gases such as ammonia and carbon dioxide, while providing sufficient oxygen for the chickens' respiration. The temperature control system maintains a stable temperature inside the house according to the needs of different physiological stages of the chickens. The suitable temperature during the egg-laying period is 18 to 22 degrees Celsius; excessively high or low temperatures will affect feed intake and egg production performance. The humidity control system maintains relative humidity between 50% and 70%, preventing the growth of bacteria in high-humidity environments or respiratory diseases caused by low-humidity environments.

The impact of breeding chicken house environmental control on egg fertilization rate is reflected in several aspects. Suitable temperature and humidity conditions are beneficial for maintaining semen quality and libido in breeding roosters, improving mating success rate and fertilization effect. A reasonable lighting program can regulate the sexual maturity time and egg-laying rhythm of breeding chickens, maintaining a high egg production rate and hatching egg quality rate. Good ventilation can reduce ammonia concentration in the coop, minimizing stimulation to the respiratory and reproductive systems of breeding chickens, protecting their health, and indirectly improving fertilization rate. In artificial insemination breeding models, stable environmental conditions help technicians accurately grasp the insemination timing, improving fertilization effect. Studies have shown that in well-controlled breeding chicken houses, the fertilization rate of hatching eggs can be five to eight percentage points higher than in traditional open chicken houses. This difference directly affects the economic benefits of the breeding farm and the quality of chicks.

The impact of environmental control in the breeding chicken house on the hatching rate of hatching eggs is equally significant. During the formation of hatching eggs within the chicken's body, the environmental conditions of the hen affect the intrinsic quality of the eggs. High temperatures may cause early embryonic development inside the eggs, leading to decreased vitality during storage; low temperatures may cause the eggs to freeze, resulting in embryonic death. Suitable environmental conditions ensure that hatching eggs have uniform weight, good shell quality, and stable internal quality, all of which directly affect hatchability. The temporary storage environment after egg collection is equally important; a temperature- and humidity-controlled egg storage facility can slow down egg aging and maintain embryo viability. Through precise environmental control, breeding farms can obtain a higher proportion of qualified hatching eggs, and hatcheries can achieve more ideal hatching and healthy chick rates, forming a virtuous cycle and improving the overall production efficiency of the breeding chain.